St. Matthew Island, Alaska

St. Matthew Island is a remote island in the Bering Sea in Alaska. The entire island's natural scenery and wildlife is protected as part of Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge. In 1944, 29 reindeer were introduced to provide an emergency food source for the Coast Guard. By 1963 there were 6,000 reindeer on the island. An acute shortage of grazing food, and a severe winter wiped out the animals two years later. The image was acquired July 31, 2010, covers an area of 61 by 38 km, and is located at 60.4 degrees north, 172.7 degrees west.

With its 14 spectral bands from the visible to the thermal infrared wavelength region and its high spatial resolution of 15 to 90 meters (about 50 to 300 feet), ASTER images Earth to map and monitor the changing surface of our planet. ASTER is one of five Earth-observing instruments launched Dec. 18, 1999, on Terra. The instrument was built by Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. A joint U.S./Japan science team is responsible for validation and calibration of the instrument and data products.

The broad spectral coverage and high spectral resolution of ASTER provides scientists in numerous disciplines with critical information for surface mapping and monitoring of dynamic conditions and temporal change. Example applications are: monitoring glacial advances and retreats; monitoring potentially active volcanoes; identifying crop stress; determining cloud morphology and physical properties; wetlands evaluation; thermal pollution monitoring; coral reef degradation; surface temperature mapping of soils and geology; and measuring surface heat balance.

The U.S. science team is located at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. The Terra mission is part of NASA's Science Mission Directorate, Washington, D.C.

More information about ASTER is available at http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/.